Phenomenology

Engelland (philosophy, Univ. of Dallas; The Way of Philosophy) wants readers to experience what it is like to study the nature of experience, the aim of the phenomenological movement. Its founder, Edmund Husserl, argued that our inhabiting the world is not arbitrary and subjective but discloses “the things themselves.” It does so by bringing to light the structural relations of what we perceive. Appearance is not a barrier to reality but constitutes it, a key phenomenological term. Husserl sought to establish a strictly objective science but, paradoxically, the movement reached no consensus on major doctrines. Engelland covers some of the primary points of disagreement with remarkable depth and concision. For example, Husserl made a “transcendental turn,” but did this turn continue his original project, as he himself believed, or did it betray it, as Roman Ingarden thought? What is the relation between Martin Heidegger’s Being and Time and Husserl’s program? Here it was Heidegger who charged betrayal, as he claimed he himself had deepened and radicalized phenomenology.