Science & Technology

Grenfell, cofounder of the British Hosta and Hemerocallis Society, has teamed up with photographer Shadrack to produce a small-sized but informative guide to hostas. The introduction covers hosta botany, what to look for when buying plants, their proper cultivation, and the major pests and diseases that threaten their growth and health. The section "Hostas for Specific Purposes and Locations" helps gardeners choose varieties based on leaf or flower colors or intended use. An A-to-Z guide lists hostas in alphabetical order by scientific name, with clump size and habitat information, followed by brief descriptions of leaves and flowers and references to similar hostas and mutations (or sports). Over 300 color photos bring this guide to life. Two hardiness zone maps, a listing of nursery sources, a short glossary, and a brief bibliography round it out and result in a handy reference for browsing. Suitable for public libraries, academic and special libraries with a strong horticultural interest, and avid home gardeners. (Photos not seen in color.)

In a richly produced volume, retired British nurseryman Morgan examines about 200 of the 1000-plus species of the genus Impatiens (family Balsaminaceae) in detail, describing their life functions and activities, their form and structure, and the fascinating seed-dispersal mechanism that gives the genus its name. Species from across Asia and Africa are included, and Morgan discusses the New Guinea hybrids, first introduced in 1972. There are good-sized sections on gardening with impatiens and pests and diseases, but the real gems of the book are the chapters on the impatiens species of Africa; the islands of Madagascar, the Comoros, and the Seychelles; the Himalayas; Southern India and Sri Lanka; and Southeast Asia. Within each section, species are arranged alphabetically (some with photos), each with descriptive paragraphs of their growth habitat, flowers, leaf arrangement, native location, and ideal uses. The arrangement of the book may make it less accessible to gardeners unfamiliar with the native regions and nomenclature of impatiens; nonetheless, the volume achieves its goal of raising awareness and appreciation of these colorful garden treasures. (Photos not seen in color; index not seen.)—Eboni A. Francis, Ohio State Univ. Libs., Columbus

The "authentic" gardening style of a particular country takes centuries to develop. America, being relatively young, has looked to other countries such as Japan, England, and France for inspiration. Sawyers (director, Scott Arboretum, Swarthmore Coll.) presents five principles of design for gardeners to stay true to a specific time and place. They include 1) capturing the sense of place by working with what you already have and not fighting against it, 2) deriving beauty from functional elements such as driveways, fences, mailboxes, and barbecues by using them in creative and unique ways, 3) using humble materials such as sticks, trunks, rocks, and recycled materials instead of fancy ornamental objects, 4) remembering that there are therapeutic benefits to marrying the inside to the outside through views outward to the garden, and 5) involving the visitor by using paths, stepping-stones, and plants that encourage touching and feeling. A final chapter shows gardens (both public and private) that uphold these principles. Generously illustrated with over 300 color photos, this is recommended for public, academic, and horticultural libraries.— Phillip Oliver, Univ. of North Alabama, Florence

Why would anyone want to read a book about growing giant pumpkins and learn that breaking the 1500-pound barrier just might entitle the record breaker to wear the "orange jacket"? Perhaps because, in the objective hands of Warren (deputy bureau chief, Wall Street Journal, Dallas), the story is full of triumph, suspense, and the humor of disappointment. Although Warren probes the fortunes of growers all over the country, especially in New England, she centers her story on the father-and-son growing team of Dick and Ron Johnson in Rhode Island and their very special relationship. One of the most surprising and touching of the book's themes is how willing the Johnsons and other growers are to share materials and expertise, albeit a certain amount of rivalry does exist, much of it played out upon BigPumpkin.com, the favorite web site of growers of giant pumpkins. Along the way, Warren, an avid gardener and debut author, accomplishes what so few writers about science do—she makes clear and interesting the science behind the story. The popularity of gardening and the love of Americans for a winner make this book for all seasons an essential purchase for public libraries and highly recommended for academic and special libraries.—M.C. Duhig, Carnegie Lib. of Pittsburgh

Blau (director, Arthritis Inst. of Long Island; founding fellow, American Coll. of Rheumatology) has written this book for those suffering from the various forms of arthritis. He puts forward no magic remedies or silver bullets; instead, he lays out a four-week program designed to alleviate some of the pain associated with arthritis. Blau cautions readers to be skeptical of information they find online touting the value of unproven therapies like glucosamine, copper bracelets, and bee-sting therapy. He offers as alternatives links to reliable site information (e.g., the Arthritis Fdn.) and a series of gentle, purpose-specific exercises (e.g., for wrist strengthening) graded for level of difficulty and including instructional photos. He pairs these exercises with common effective medications, dietary recommendations (e.g., more calcium, fewer refined carbs), and recipes. Blau claims that following both the diet and exercise regimes he espouses will help improve flexibility and reduce weight, therefore quieting symptoms. And, indeed, his advice seems sensible; the menu plans and exercises, beneficial. Purchase this enjoyable book for a general library collection, and perhaps place one copy in the health and wellness section and another with the cookbooks.—Elyse Pike, Grey Bruce Health Svcs., Owen Sound, Ont.

Those suffering from an invisible illness will find many useful strategies in Natelson's (neurosciences, New Jersey Medical Sch.; Facing and Fighting Fatigue: A Practical Approach) latest book. His "strategy to wellness" includes diagnostic and therapeutic medical advice to provide relief from illnesses such as chronic fatigue syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, and fibromyalgia. While many physicians write off these illnesses as somatization disorders (a diagnosis commonly applied to patients complaining of symptoms whose cause cannot be identified), Natelson explains how stress, depression, and lack of sleep can aggravate symptoms. His detailed approach includes finding and working with the right doctor to determine a correct diagnosis; using therapeutic methods such as exercise and stress management; and looking to both traditional drug treatments and complementary medicine. While a very useful resource for patients, the work contains terminology and medical concepts that may be difficult for some readers. Also, instead of referring readers to a reference librarian for further information, Natelson suggests they use their favorite search engine. Even so, his advice may benefit patients who do not know where else to turn for help. Recommended for public libraries and consumer health collections.—Dana Ladd, Community Health Education Ctr., Richmond, VA

Ratey (psychiatry, Harvard Medical Sch.; A User's Guide to the Brain: Perception, Attention, and the Four Theaters of the Brain) presents much of the hard science documenting how the brain works and how exercise stimulates and strengthens neurochemical brain functions. Ratey aims to "deliver in plain English the inspiring science connecting exercise and the brain and demonstrate how it plays out in the lives of real people." He intersperses some lackluster, brief personal narratives with the latest brain research supporting the thesis that exercise throughout one's life stimulates neurogenesis, or the formation of new brain cells. Exercise, in addition to maintaining muscle tone and cardiovascular health, is thus "simply one of the best treatments we have for most psychiatric problems," helping to beat stress, panic attacks, and anxiety; sharpen intellect and cognitive skills; and combat the effects of aging and such related mental disorders as Alzheimer's. The book is especially useful as a layperson's guide to the brain and its neurochemistry; recommended for consumer health collections. (Glossary not seen.) [See Prepub Alert, LJ 9/15/07.]—James Swanton, Harlem Hosp. Lib., New York

Many exasperated parents have wondered whether their three year old needs to have his or her hearing checked. Developmental concerns are common, but it can be difficult to tell what behavior is a "stage" and what is cause for genuine concern. The authors, Anderson, Amy Egan, Amy Freedman, and Judi Greenberg—all speech, language, behavior, and occupational therapists at the Ivymount School's Center for Outreach and Education in Rockville, MD—divide the book into three sections, "The Basics," "Understanding Development," and "Where Children Struggle." Within these, they illustrate specific concerns (e.g., "She can hear, why doesn't she understand?"), explore the range of normal, and examine signals that indicate a need for professional intervention. For "little problems," the authors teach how to rework an environment, routine, or communication strategy to alleviate triggers and encourage mastery. Their strategies for reteaching crucial developmental milestones range from the simple (e.g., no more sippy cups; straws not only improve speech skills but have a calming effect) to the progressive. Disclaimers aside, this book is the equivalent of a valuable appointment with a specialist. Never using an alarmist tone, the authors strike a perfect balance between advocating for early intervention and appreciating the ups and downs of typical childhood behavior. Highly recommended for all libraries.—Julianne J. Smith, Ypsilanti Dist. Lib., MI

This absorbing memoir by 87-year-old Chiang (The Mandarin Way) chronicles her journey from Beijing to San Francisco by way of Tokyo. She is credited with introducing Americans to regional Chinese cuisine through her acclaimed restaurant, The Mandarin. Before her arrival in San Francisco, the food served in Chinatown was mostly Cantonese. Her life story of a privileged upbringing in Communist China and postwar Japan and on to accidental restaurateur and successful businesswoman in 1960s San Francisco makes for a fascinating read. Chiang's stories from her childhood provide a glimpse into early 20th-century Chinese culture, including the practice of foot binding for girls, the role of women in society, arranged marriages, and upper-class families in pre-Communist China. Sadly, 30 years passed before she was able to return to a greatly changed China and be reunited with her remaining family members. Recipes blend nicely with the events of each chapter, as do black-and-white family photos. Also included are a glossary of basic Chinese staples and sources for Asian foods. Recommended for public libraries.—Christine Holmes, San Jose State Univ. Lib., CA

Jones (coauthor, The L.L. Bean Game and Fish Cookbook; The Book of New New England Cookery) is a longtime editor and friend to many culinary celebrities, including Julia Child, James Beard, and Chuck Williams (of Williams-Sonoma fame). Jones traces the interesting history of American trends in food during recent times—from prepared food to ethnic foods to vegetarian fare and beyond. Her stories of Child reinforce our notion that she was indeed a colorful and talented cook; we also find out how Beard came to be known as a bread-making wizard. There are useful, straightforward recipes for hermit bars, "Frenchified" meatloaf, bread pudding, frozen maple mousse, flummery, and some harder-to-find dishes. In addition to mouthwatering descriptions of various dishes, Jones offers an inside scoop on the publishing world. The story of her life is enjoyable in itself, and the added tales of the famous are the frosting. For most public libraries and academic libraries with a special interest in cookery.—Elizabeth Rogers, CEF Lib. Syst., Plattsburgh, NY

McGrady, who was a chef in the British royal kitchen for 11 years and Princess Diana's personal chef for the last four years of her life, has done a fine job of combining recollections and recipes. The book is arranged by the royals' year—Sandringham Castle for the Christmas holidays, Buckingham Palace in the winter and early summer, spring at Windsor Castle, traveling on HMY Britannia in August (the yacht was decommissioned in 1997), late summer and fall vacation at Balmoral Castle, and returning to Buckingham Palace in November and early December. The stories are fascinating, and the recipes follow anecdotes of each location. There are the favorites of the family: Cheese Soufflé from Queen Elizabeth II; Crepes Islandaise from Prince Philip; and Princess Diana's Stuffed Eggplant. There is other British fare—Treacle Tart and Isle of Wight Pudding—plus favorites in the United States like Coffee Mousse and Roast Turkey. Although some recipes require a number of steps, the directions are clear and concise. Public libraries will want this book for cooks and royal watchers.—Christine Bulson, SUNY at Oneonta Lib.

NLD. P-NLD. S-NLD. A-NLD. WE-NLD. Even just figuring out what these acronyms mean can seem overwhelming to the parent of a newly diagnosed child. They refer to nonverbal learning disabilities (NLDs) and their various subtypes: perceptual, social, attentional, and written expressive. Mamen (The Pampered Child Syndrome: How To Recognize It, How To Manage It, and How To Avoid It), a Canadian clinical psychologist who has written several other parenting guides, carefully describes these various subtypes of nonverbal learning disabilities as they are currently diagnosed and distinguishes them from conditions that can result in similar behaviors, e.g., Asperger's syndrome. The result is a useful tool for those trying to wade through the maze of related but varied disabilities. Through case studies, she offers a clearer picture of how these diagnoses impact children in real life; she also equips parents and teachers with practical strategies. Part of the "JKP Essentials" series, this useful guide to the complex and evolving treatment of nonverbal learning disabilities is recommended for academic libraries and for public libraries with specialized collections.—Elizabeth Safford, Nevins Memorial Lib., Methuen, MA

From the first page, you're welcomed into an exquisite book that is a cross between an encyclopedia and a recipe collection from a world traveler. In the first section, each page wafts with a description and special characteristics of numerous spices ranging from the everyday, e.g., "cinnamon," to the exotic, e.g., "asafetida." For the exotic, no need to worry; world-renowned Australian chef Manfield informs you what type of ethnic market the spice can be found in, and if that fails, the directory of spice suppliers will be of value at the end of the text. The opulent photographs of the succulent recipes—ranging from Oxtail Consommé with Dumplings, a Chinese inspiration, to Peppered Venison Fillet with Wasabi Potato and Horseradish Cream—are the perfect accompaniment. This popular text is for experienced cooks and for those who want to expand their taste palates. For larger public libraries and culinary schools.—Kristen Mastel, MINITEX Lib. Information Network, Minneapolis

To cork or not to cork is indeed the question of the century for vintners and oenophiles alike. Vintners have lost profits, and wine drinkers have lost much-anticipated pleasure owing to corks gone bad. In this fascinating discussion of the various substitutions for the unreliable natural cork, Taber covers the history and development of closures for wine containers from the perspective of vintners and consumers in the major wine-producing (and -consuming) continents: Europe, America, and Down Under. The coverage of natural corks, screw caps, plastic corks, steel caps, glass caps, and closures made from combinations of materials and the people involved is fair and enlightening. As in his first book, Judgment of Paris, Taber reveals the human side of this controversial topic. This discussion not only is relevant to today's wine producers and enthusiasts but will continue to stimulate interest until the "perfect" bottle closure is developed. Highly recommended, especially in wine- producing and -consuming areas.—Ann Weber, Bellarmine Coll. Preparatory Lib., San Jose, CA

Incorporating significant material from interviews with molecular biologist Elizabeth Blackburn and several others close to her and her work, this biography examines both personal and professional aspects of Blackburn's life. Following a woman scientist whose career began in the 1970s, gender issues experienced by women in science are logically addressed, but they are only one aspect in the larger story of Blackburn's experiences and contributions. The narrative touches on many different concerns scientists must navigate during their careers, including publishing and establishing precedents, balancing career and family, and negotiating the politics of academia, laboratories, public policy, and public opinion. Notes on Brady, a professor in the MFA in writing program at the University of San Francisco, do not indicate any science background; however, the text includes a great deal of information about Blackburn's scientific discoveries, providing a wealth of detail in an accessible manner. Recommended for academic libraries, especially those with collection interests in women in science or history of science.—Barbarly Korper McConnell, California State Univ., Fullerton

Brunner's comprehensive book on the history of humans and their encounters with bears is one of the most complete that has been written. As with his The Ocean at Home: An Illustrated History of the Aquarium, Brunner describes in great detail the natural life of bears, their different breeds, and their interaction with humanity from prehistoric times until now. He also includes the folklore and stories surrounding these strong, intelligent animals. The readable text is accompanied by lively illustrations that include sketches, photographs, and wood carvings. Unfortunately, in some areas the captions of the illustrations are in German, but there are labels nearby describing the total group of illustrations to help out. Even though this book is understandable and quite informative, its scholarly, narrow focus recommends it only for academic and larger public libraries where the author's previous books circulate.—Joyce Tallman, Cuyahoga Cty. P.L., Cleveland

With this month's 50th anniversary of the launch of Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite, and the forthcoming 50th anniversary in 2008 of the establishment of NASA, there are many new books to whet the appetites of space enthusiasts. These two titles start at the same place, Sputnik's 1957 launch, with some background on the development of rockets in Germany, the Soviet Union, and the United States, but A Ball, a Dog, and a Monkey stops with the launch of the first U.S. satellite in 1958, and Epic Rivalry follows the space race to the Apollo 11 moon landing. D'Antonio (Atomic Harvest), a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist, brings a human perspective to the Sputnik story by interviewing still-living participants and examining a few of the major characters. Much of the focus is on Wernher von Braun and Soviet chief designer Sergey Korolyov, but interviews with scientist James Van Allen, early space reporters Jay Barbree and Wickham "Wickie" Stivers, and many others add a unique personal background to the story.

Hardesty (Red Phoenix: The Rise of Soviet Air Power), a curator at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, and journalist Eisman do an excellent job of covering the science, technology, and politics of the space race. As new materials become available for research in Russia, more is being learned about the Soviet space program, and Hardesty is well qualified to present the findings. The authors compare the U.S. and Soviet space exploration programs during the cold war. With 75 photos and extensive footnotes, this a good reference book as well as an engaging history. And the foreword by the grandson of Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev, Sergey Khrushchev, is great start. Both titles are recommended for space science collections in public and academic libraries. [For other Sputnik and space history titles, see also Giles Sparrow's Space Flight; America in Space: NASA's First Fifty Years; After Sputnik: 50 Years of the Space Age and Michael J. Neufeld's Von Braun.—Ed.]—Margaret Henderson, Virginia Commonwealth Univ. Lib., Richmond

The natural world known to humans is the result of evolutionary forces that have expanded and contracted for nearly 100 million years. Bursts of evolutionary variety have given way to extinction events, some of which have been more catastrophic than others. But never has our planet been more in danger of extinction than it is right now. Paleontologist Novacek (senior vice president, American Museum of Natural History; Dinosaurs of the Flaming Cliffs) takes an unflinching look at what humans have done over time and in more recent years. Combining paleontology, evolutionary biology, and environmental science, he shows how these three perspectives can bring us to a better understanding of the "mass extinction event" that threatens this planet if changes aren't implemented now. Among the causes explored are consumption patterns, pollution caused by humans, land usage, and activities that contribute to global warming. The rate at which our world is degrading is alarming, according to Novacek, but the situation is not hopeless. The question is whether humankind will do the hard work needed. For larger public and academic libraries.—Gloria Maxwell, Metropolitan Community Coll., Penn Valley, Kansas City, MO